An ICMR study has found that currently, around 101 million people are suffering from diabetes in India as compared to 70 million in 2019. Experts have said that though the numbers of diabetes cases are steadying in some states, they are growing at a distressing pace in many other states. They have said that it requires urgent state-wise specific interventions. The findings reveal that around 136 million people, or 15.3 per cent of the people are pre-diabetic. The highest occurrence of diabetes has been seen in Goa with 26.4 per cent, Puducherry with 26.3 per cent, and Kerala with 25.5 per cent prevalence. The nationwide average diabetes prevalence is 11.4 per cent.
Experts claim that an explosion of diabetes cases will occur in the next 4 years in states such as MP, Arunachal Pradesh, UP, and Bihar which have a lower prevalence of diabetes as of now.
The study’s first author, Dr. Ranjit Mohan Anjana, has said there are fewer prediabetes cases in Tamil Nadu, Chandigarh, Kerala, and Goa than in diabetes cases. Dr. Anjana has reported a higher number of people with pre-diabetes in states with a lower occurrence of diabetes. UP has the lowest prevalence of diabetes with only 4.8 per cent but the prevalence of prediabetes is 18 per cent. In Sikkim, the frequency of both diabetes and pre-diabetes is high. When a person has a higher-than-normal blood sugar level but is not sufficiently high to have type-2 diabetes is called pre-diabetic. Adults and kids with prediabetes are at greater risk of having diabetes.
A third of pre-diabetic people will develop diabetes in some years
Doctors say a third of pre-diabetic people will develop diabetes in some years and another one-third will remain pre-diabetic, while the rest of them might opt for lifestyle changes such as a balanced diet and exercise to reverse the condition.
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Experts assessed over 1 lakh people from rural and urban regions from October 18, 2008, to December 17, 2020. The study has found that 35.5 per cent of people suffer from hypertension, 28.6 per cent of them deal with generalized obesity, 81.2 per cent of them have abnormal cholesterol levels and 39.5 per cent of them suffer from abdominal obesity. These health conditions contribute to the diagnosis of diabetes.